Epoch time in code

import time
epoch = int(time.time())

import time
epoch_ms = int(time.time() * 1000)

from datetime import datetime, timezone
dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(1748876543, tz=timezone.utc)

from datetime import datetime, timezone
epoch = int(datetime(2026, 6, 2, 18, 42, 23, tzinfo=timezone.utc).timestamp())

const epochMs = Date.now();

const epochS = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);

const dt = new Date(1748876543 * 1000); // pass ms to Date()

const epoch = Math.floor(
  new Date('2026-06-02T18:42:23Z').getTime() / 1000
);

SELECT EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM NOW())::bigint;

SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1748876543);  -- returns timestamptz

SELECT EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM TIMESTAMP '2026-06-02 18:42:23')::bigint;

SELECT EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM created_at)::bigint FROM events;

SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP();

SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1748876543);

SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2026-06-02 18:42:23');

SELECT UNIX_SECONDS(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP());

SELECT TIMESTAMP_SECONDS(1748876543);

SELECT UNIX_SECONDS(TIMESTAMP '2026-06-02 18:42:23 UTC');

SELECT DATE_PART(EPOCH_SECOND, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP());

SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP(1748876543);

SELECT DATE_PART(EPOCH_SECOND, '2026-06-02 18:42:23'::TIMESTAMP);

date +%s

date -d @1748876543 -u

date -ur 1748876543

date -d "2026-06-02 18:42:23 UTC" +%s

long epoch = Instant.now().getEpochSecond();

long epochMs = System.currentTimeMillis();

Instant dt = Instant.ofEpochSecond(1748876543L);

long epoch = Instant.parse("2026-06-02T18:42:23Z").getEpochSecond();

epoch := time.Now().Unix()

epochMs := time.Now().UnixMilli()

dt := time.Unix(1748876543, 0).UTC()

dt, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2026-06-02T18:42:23Z")
epoch := dt.Unix()

use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
let epoch = SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH).unwrap().as_secs();

use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
let dt: DateTime<Utc> = DateTime::from_timestamp(1748876543, 0).unwrap();

epoch = Time.now.to_i

dt = Time.at(1748876543).utc

epoch = Time.parse('2026-06-02T18:42:23Z').to_i

$epoch = time();

$date = gmdate('c', 1748876543);  // ISO 8601 UTC

$epoch = strtotime('2026-06-02T18:42:23Z');

long epoch = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.ToUnixTimeSeconds();

var dt = DateTimeOffset.FromUnixTimeSeconds(1748876543);

=A1/86400 + DATE(1970,1,1)

=(A1 - DATE(1970,1,1)) * 86400

=A1/86400000 + DATE(1970,1,1)

How do I get the current epoch in Python?

Use int(time.time()) for seconds, or int(time.time() * 1000) for milliseconds. The time module is part of the standard library and requires no install. If you want a timezone-aware datetime instead of a raw integer, use datetime.now(timezone.utc).

How do I extract epoch from a timestamp in PostgreSQL?

Use EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM <timestamp>)::bigint. The result is the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 UTC as a 64-bit integer. The double-colon cast to bigint drops the fractional seconds; leave it off if you need millisecond precision.

How do I convert epoch to timestamp in BigQuery?

Use TIMESTAMP_SECONDS(epoch_int) for seconds or TIMESTAMP_MILLIS(epoch_int) for milliseconds. The reverse direction uses UNIX_SECONDS(timestamp) or UNIX_MILLIS(timestamp). BigQuery is unusual in naming the unit explicitly in every function; it removes a common source of bugs.

How do I convert epoch to date in Linux bash?

On GNU date (most Linux distributions): date -d @1748876543 -u. On BSD date (macOS): date -ur 1748876543. The two utilities are not compatible; scripts that need to run on both should detect which is available, or use python -c instead.

Why does JavaScript Date.now() return milliseconds when Unix time is in seconds?

It is a historical inconsistency. Most languages and most APIs use seconds, but JavaScript chose milliseconds when Date was added, and changing it later would break the web. The common pattern is Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) when calling a seconds-based API.